Vol. XL
INDIANAPOUS, INDIANA, JANUAEY 22d, 1876.
No, 3.
EXCHANGE DEPARTMENT.
We have concluded to admit brief business announcements in this column, from those who wish
to exchange or sell, or who may desire to purchase
any article. The charge will be 12% cents per nne>
each week. About eight words make a line. No
notice admitted for less than twenty-five cents.
FOfi SALE.
?F
OR SALE—I have for sale a fine lot of Buff and
Partridge Cochin Fowls.     I. N. BARKER.
8-tl  Thorntown, Indiana.
F
OR SALE—PWNCK CLIMAX 2d, 15476;  red;
a fine breeder, of good size.    Apply to
3-2t WM. KENNEY, M. D„ Paris, Ky^_
Cy K FARMS, from 80 to 600 acres, for sale, at S25
JU*J $50 per acre; well improved, and close to
markets.   Apply to A. E. HARMON,
l-4w * Champaign, 111.
FOR SALE—A desirable Ayrshire Bull Calf, nine
months old.   Pedigree perfect, choice ancestry,
good size, rich color.   Correspondence desired.
52-4t. 8. B. POTTER, Lansing, Mich.
TjlOR SALE.—Six young Poland-China Sows that
JD have been bred to a fine Poland-China Boar.
Address F. McKEEVER, Antioch, Huntington Co.,
Indiana. 2-13L
TJ10R SALE—A first-clss tract of land in Storey
-4J    county,   Iowa,   or  will  trade   for a small
farm In Marion county, Ind.    J. BUTTERFIELD,
2-2t. 48 8outh Meridian St.,IndianapoIis.
FOR 8ALE—TWO FARMS AT CHAMPAIGN, ILL.
Three miles from the city. One contains 100
acres, the other 160 or 320 acres. All under good
cultivation, with good buildings, hedged and fenced.
For particulars, address J, B, PHINNEY,
B2-4w. Champaign, Illinois. •
FOR SALE—TILE FACTORY, situated 2% miles
southeast of Cleveland, Hancock county, Ind.,
with capacity of 150,000 tile in one season. Machinery
new.   Terms easy.    Address       W. S. LlfSE,
3-2t Westland, Hancock county, Ind.
FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE —One of the best
Farms in Southern Ohio, containing 271 acres.
Improvements first-class. On railroad, and at a regular stopping station. Fruit of all kinds in adun-
dance Will sell or exchange for a Western Farm.
For Price and full description, address L. C. Young,
Cambellstown, Ohio. 3-lt
FOR SALE—Cotton Gin—Near Helena, Arkansas,
a valuable cotton gin, with grist-mill and sawmill combined, and, if desired, some heavy timber
land or a cotton farm adjoining; this is well located
and doing a profitable business; terms easy. Apply
to J. Dickinson & Co., Real Estate Agents, Richmond,
Ind. : 3-4w
"TJIOR SALE—200 Farms—Splendid Soil and good
*JD Buildings; cansuit anyone; no better country;
cheap transportation to Philadelphia, New York, or
Baltimore; all in Delaware and Maryland; finest
, soil in the world for frnit. Geo. W. Ingraham, Real
Estate Agent, Middletown.New Castle Co, Delaware.
FOR SALE—PRAIRIE FAKM,~IN DODGE CO..
Nebraska; 800 acres, well improved, in the
midst of good farms, five miles from Scrlbner, a
railroad station; winters four weeks shorter than in
Indianapolis; only $20 per acre, half cash, balance
in ten years time, at 6 per cent. Interest. T. A Goodwin, Indianapolis, Ind. 62-4w
TjlOR SALE—The Onarga Importing Company of-
Jj fer seven very fine imported Percheron Stallions
at bottom prices, for cash, or at reasonable prices on
time, to responsible parties. Be sure and examine
onr stock and prices before purchasing elsewhere.
I. McConrtie, Onarga, 111. S-6w
FOR SALE—Choice Chester White and Berkshire
Swine of all ages at very reasonable prices for
the superior quality of stock. Also fancy poultry,
turkeys, geese, d.ucks, eggs for hatching, pigeons,
ferrets, and thoroughbred dogs. Circulars free. Illustrated descriptive catalogue 10 cents. Write at
once to W. Altee Beupee, 1332 Arch St., Philadelphia,
Pa,  8-tf
EOR SALE—The most valuable property in Kansas. A 320 or two 160 acre Farms handsomely
improved, large house, orchard, vineyard, timber,
water, prairie land, rich, three depots, three schools,
three churches within three miles; seven miles to
Leavenworth and eighteen to Kansas City. It is the
best Stock and Grain Farm in this country, and product will pay30 to 40 per cent, on investment annually.' Place will soon sell for double my price now.
H. R. Hammond, box 7, Leavenworth, Kan.   3-lw
A. S. Gilmour & Co., have just received
from John Snells Sons,  of Edmonton,
Ontario, Canada, a very fine male pig.
 •
Wm. Aknett, of New Lebanon, Sullivan county, Ind., a few days ago, killed
two Poland China pigs, seven months
.old, weighing 500 pounds. Good stock
pays. _
W. T. Stone, of Boonville, killed a
Chester White hog a few days ago, which
weighed 880 pounds, and was but one
year old. The hams weighed forty pounds
each.
J. W. Canara, of New Lebanon, Sullivan county, Ind., purchased a few days
ago of A. S. Gilmour & Co., Greensburg,
ten thoroughbred Poland-China pigs, for
himself and neighbor, at $150. They are
very fine pigs.
J. A. Eckhart, of Butler, Ind., has recently sold some' of his Chester White
and Lancashire pigs to Gen. Kilpatrick,
of New Jersey, G. S. Gage, Illinois, and
quite a number to parties in different
parte of this State.
D. W. Voyles, New Albany, Ind., has
sold, Jersey bull, Philip Strade, No. 1557,
to Col. S.L.Wells, of Jackson County, Ind.
Philip is a finely bred animal, running
back through his sire Milo, to Imported
Lawrence, No. 61, and through Fannie,
his dam, to Imported Niobe, No; 99.
—: •	
A company of Clinton county, Indiana,
farmers, headed by Mr. Robert Young,
recently bought of Sam'l Aikman & Son,
Dana, Ind., the Short>Horn bull: Willie
Dodge, nearly two years .old, a calf of
Lone Star, 16743, dam Minnie Dodge, by
the Duke of Airdrie, 6732. The price
paid was $300.
THte maaTy'hog-whiDis-^4wr-H*^>r^FHlett^|tliC system* -it&s°JJt^mym-vr~
of Greenfield, Ind., bought of Shepard &
Alexander, alluded to last week, cost him
$100 cash. He is dark spotted, and is
thought one of the best in the State. On
the 8th inst., Mr. W. sold a Poland-China
male pig to James Snodgrass, of Knights-
town, one of the very best, weighing 140
pounds at four and a half months old,
out of Black Bess, killed at the last State
Fair.   The pig was sold at fifty dollars.
For the Indiana Farmer.
PHILOSOPHY OF 8T0CK FEED-
ING--N0. 5
L. J. TEMPLIN.
One of the most important ingredients
in the animal system to the grazier and
butcher is the fat or oil always found in
greater or less quantities. These fats perform very important functions in the
animal economy and are among the
most useful in the arts, and for culinary
purposes. The three principal elementary fats are stearin, palmitin and olein.
They are composed of their primary elements in the following proportions:
Carbon.      Hydrogen.      Oxygen.
Stearin   -
Palmitin
Olein   -
76:0
75:9
77:4
12:4
122
.11:8
10:0
11:9
10:8
It will be seen that these substances do
not differ very widely in their ultimate
composition, but in their sensible properties there is a very essential difference.
Stearin is a hard, dry substance existing
largely in tallow and all the more solid
kinds of fat. Olein is the more liquid
part. It exists largely in the fat of hogs,
and is extracted largely for use in the arts;
in this form it is known as lard-oil. The
residue left in the manufacture of lard-oil
is principally stearin which is made into
"stearin candles." The fat of animals is,
of course, derived from the food they eat,
but the question as to how and what to
feed animals in order to fatten them with
the least expenditure of. feed is one
in which every farnier and breeder is
deeply interested. In a former article we
called attention to a group of substances
known as the "cellulose" group embracing starch, gum, sugar, etc. The
primary use of these is to furnish carbon.]
for the use of the lungs in respiration, but
in case of a larger amount of these being
supplied than is requisite for the wants of
the system for the object above specified.
King
Origin of Triebinse.
FARM FOR SALE—Containing 52 acres, in Morgan County, Indiana, on the gravel road, half
a mile east of Martinsville: good two story frame
house, several out buildings, 20 acres of woodland
pasture, balance under cultivation, apple and peach
orchard, several good springs, with plenty of never-
failing water for stock; splendid view of Martinsville from the verandah. A dairy, in good running
order, can be bought with the farm. Address MARY
MAINS, Martinsville, Indiana, or J. M. ST. JOHN,
Franklin, Indiana. l-4t
•WANTED.
"ITTANTED—A Situation as Farmer or Gardener;
YV understands farming in all Its branches,
stock, etc.; also gardening, care of greenhouse,
in or out of doors fruits and flowers of all kinds;
laying out grounds, etc. Good references. Samuel
Hannah, box 1,077, Terre Haute, Ind,
"ITTANTED—A good farm in Marion or adjoining
W counties of from 300 to 400 acres, for a customer that will pay from $6,000 to $8,000 cash. House
and Lot in first class location in this city, valued at
$9,000 and balance time. L. Behymer & Co., 91 E.
Market, Indianapolis. 3-3w
WANTED—Farms and Country Town   Property (anywhere in the States) for City Property and Western and Southern lands.   We have extra facilities for making exchanges.   Send full description. WADSWORTH & ELDER,
1-f              16K East Washington St, Indianapolis.
MISCELLANEOUS.
HOG CHOLERA—Sure cure—Send 50 cents for
Receipt to W. H. Lester, Room 8 Bates Block,
Indianapolis. 3-4w
0/~i FANCY CARDS, 7 styles, with name, 10 cts.
&\J Or 20 Acquaintance Cards, no name, 10 cts,
Address J. B. HUSTED, Nassau, Rensselaer Co., N. Y.
PURE HONEY-DEW TOBACCO.-Send ten cents
for a package of seed; one ounce 25 cents.
Address CHARLES W. PEUGH, Kossuth, Washington county, Indiana. 1-?
BO YOU want employment at home, in a new,
reliable business, paying large profits?
Address Excelsior Manufacturing Co., 151 Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois. 2-8t
IF you want to know all about TRAPPING all
kinds of Fur Animals, and have the best of luck,
send a postal card for full Information to C. W.
\ OSMUN. Utiea. Michigan. 2-2t
' Editors Indiana Farmer:—I have no
other object in writing upon this subject
than to call the attention of scientists to
where, in my opinion, the origin of
trichinte will ultimately be found. Dr.
Fletcher tells us that the parasite is
always taken into the stomach with the
food. This gives us a very important
clue, in tracing to its origin. Now if
trichinse is found in the hog, and only
such animals as consume raw pork; the
evidence is almost conclusive, that
trichina is only communicated to those
animals by eating pork. But as the parasite is found in another little rooter (the
mole) that does not eat pork, it is fair to
presume that it is communicated to the
mole by the same agency that it is communicated to the hog. And as the parasite is found in the earth worm, or fish
worm; to the intelligent farmer who
knows with what industry hogs will ^oot
from morning till night in search of
earth worms; and that it is the principal
diet of the mole; the conclusion is
almost irresistible that trichina; has its
origin in the earth -worm. Now if Dr.
Fletcher's theory of hog cholera is correct, and the above deductions correct,
the vexed questions of trichinae and hog
cholera are easy of solution. Keep your
hogs from rooting. Charles Stout.
Westfield, Indiana.
the remainder into fat and laying it up
for the future use of the animal. . From
this we may learn the importance of
shelter for the protection of animals, that
there may be no unnecessary expenditure
of these materials in the production of
heat in the animal body. But while this
class of sustances is a frequent source of
supply for fat in the animal system still
the most usual as well as the most direct
source of fat in the animal, is the fat or
oils found in the vegetable substances
used for animal food. Nearly all plants
and parts of plants contain some representative of this group of substances either
as fat, oil or wax, but it is in their seeds
that the larger share is found. More
than one-half of some species of seeds is
composed of oil. The economy of feeding the different kinds of food to fattening
animals willjdepend on their cost and the
amount of oil they contain. The following table gives the comparative amount
of fats or oils contained by the articles
named:
a'
The Best Corn—Flax Straw and its
Profits—Cure for Hog Cholera-
Some Questions Asked.
Editors Indiana Farmer :—In answer
to inquiries in The Indiana Farmek for
the best kind of corn and where a very
early variety of Dent corn could be obtained. I answer to the first inquiry. I
consider the yellow Dent the very best
variety grown in this part of the country,
yielding as welj as, if not better than any
other, .being very firm on the cob which
is alv ;iys filled entire with grains, leaving
none < f the cob protruding as is the case
with most other varieties, ripening early,
large ears and usually two on a stalk and
shelling the most to the bushel of ears of
any corn we ever saw. One of my neighbors infornwrne that this year he shelled
one and one-fourth bushels of corn from
a two bushel sack full of ears.
As to where it can be obtained, James
L. Russell, Liberty Center, Wells county,
Indiana, has a few bushels for sale. We
have not any interest in' the sale of
it, except as the information above given
may benefit your readers.
FLAX STRAW FOR MARKET.
In answer to an inquiry as to how to
prepare flax straw for market, it needs no
preparation except threshing the seed
from the straw either with a machine or
by*tramping with horses. In our market
(Bluffton) it is worth from $4 to $7
per ton. Most towns in this part of the
State have tow mills for its manufacture.
;•;'!■       ABOUT THE PROFITS.
As to its being as profitable as the seed,
we think one about as profitable as the
other, and that there is no profit in either.
If we had one thousand acres upon which
to sow,flax and plant corn we should
plant nine hundred and ninety-nine in
corn and the one acre we should plant in
corn:
Your readers who have hogs suffering
from the ravages of the hog cholera,
should try the following:
,v _CIID**~ ""'»™KRA.
-"OifeTCcgsaffBtida, 1 lb sulphur, 1 lb madder, 1 ft salt peter, 1 ft blue vitriol, T nr-j
rosin.   J   ft)  black   antimony, 2 ounces
arsenic, 1  lb coperas; mixed and gi
twice a day a
five hogs when
heaping tablespoon.*"-;-;-
affected. "jy
NEWS  OF  THE  WEEK.
STOCK NOTES.
Emery Cobb, of Kankakee, has just
purchased a Short-Horn bull for which
.he paid $9,000. ■
A. P. Elliott, of Plymouth, Ind., killed
jla hog of the Magee stock, nineteen months
Jold, which weighed 536.
The Way Hog Cholera is Spread.
Editors Indiana Farmer :—While passing through my woods pasture some days
ago, where my stock hogs run, I found a
bushel box, containing a half bushel of
one of the worst hog cholera cases—rotten flesh, and bones and hair—eo there
was no need of being mistaken in the
character of the mass, which had doubtless been left there by some enterprising
hog cholera man, with an eye to business in his line. Fortunately, however
for us, we found the mess before the hogs
did, and very unceremoniously buried
the box and its contents, and went home,
resolving that in the future I would bury
my dead stock in my own field, and let
nature's own process manufacture them
into fertilizing material, right at home,
where they belong. I have not had a
case of hog cholera for two years past,
and it seems as if some people who live
off of the misfortunes of others, are getting uneasy. Hand this around and let
the brethren watch out for themselves.
Joseph Antrim.
grains and seeds.
Per cent. oil.
Per cent oil.
Wheat       -      -      -  1:5
Flax seed
37:0
Corn      -      -      -     7:0
Hemp seed
- S3.-6
Oats                          -   6:0
Colza seed
40:0
Rye                                 2:0
Mustard seed  -
- 30:0
Buckwheat     ' -      -   2:5
Feauut seed   -
38:0
Peas       -      -      -      2:5
Watermelon seed
-36:0
Beans        -      -      -  2:0
Poppy seed   -
41K)
ROOTS AND TUBERS.
Meadow seed   -      -   2:0
Wheat straw
-   1:5
Red clover seed    -      3:0
Rye straw
1:3
White clover seed   -  3:5
Barley straw
-   1:4
Timothy seed   -   -      3:0
Oat straw
2:0
Average of grass      -  2*
Corn fodder   -    -       1:1
Pea straw
-   2:0
Bean straw   -
1.-0
HAY AND STRAW.
Potato      -       -       -   0:3
Turnip
Parsnip -
-   0:1
Jerusalem Artichoke  0;5
02
Carrot       -      -       -   0:2
Kohlrabi   -
-   0:2
Beet      -      -      -      0:1
Pumpkin
0:1
For the Indiana Farmer.
Fneumonii
i in Hogs.
Do hogs have pneumonia (lung fever)?
is a question that I have recently been
asked by farmers and swine breeders. In
reply to this questional can say that hogs
are liable to suffer from attacks of pneumonia same as the horse or any other
animal. I quite recently lost several
very fine Berkshire pigs and having none
of the symtoms of cholera, I was led to
make investigations, which resulted in
finding double pneumonia (acute inflam-
ation of both lungs) in all cases examined. The hog generally dies as soon
as the lung becomes hepatized (gorged
with effused matter so that they are no
longer pervious to the air). The symtoms the animal will have, slight cough
and loss of appetite for a few days, then
about the time the inflamation in the
lungs is commenced, shivering may be
noticed and finally fever and an accelerated condition of the actions of the
heart, increased respiration, etc. Then
as above stated when the hepatized state
of the lung is fully established the animal
dies. Hogs are dying this winter in large
numbers all • over the country arid no
doubt many are dying from pneumonia
instead of cholera. Hogs being poorly
sheltered, damp, cold and changeable
weather may be considered as causes of
the disease. A. J. Rauch.
Ft. Wayne, Ind.
I wifl warrant a|cure in 99 out Z   JO
cases.   I have been using it for two.''1 *%
and some of my neighbors long<? y^1^.
perfect success in every instant/1' witnj
given to-hogs, but with pigs on^ when t
months old I have not alwa^10 twQ.f
successful.   To prevent the cV>"8 bee" sci.
your hogs as they should bAi8ea?e *eeP»
and comfortable, and give f kePt' /^f
this mixture once a day t^ VP°?ntul a",
and  your  country canriot   fig .^f   j^jl
enough with the disease to give it!oe$le j>
hogs.   ,
a few questions.
Now will some one tell me to a dead
certainty which is the better way to plant
potatoes—to drill 12 to 18 inches apart?
or plant in hills ? and which is the better
way to plant or drill corn? and why?
Are wood ashes a good fertilizer, and for
what crops, and why ?
James A. Cotton.
Liberty Center, Indiana.
:    »  ♦  •	
A January Premium.
Kokomo, Ind., Jan. 17,1876.
Editors Indiana Farmer:—I write
to acknowledge the receipt of your first
premium for January, presented by friend
I. N. Barker, of Thorntown. He is one
of the finest specimens of Berkshires it
has ever been my lot to behold. He was
kept on exhibition at the Grange Exchange
for one day, in Kokomo, and the unanimous opinion given was, that he could
not easily be excelled. An old farmer
said to me that he was worth $100 to amy
neighborhood. Others who have been
breeding Berkshires for several years,
say they never saw a better pig. His
girth, behind the fore legs, was three feet;
length from end of nose to root of tail,
three feet, seven inches. I had no way
of weighing him after taking out of box.
If this is a fair sample, (and I have no
doubt it is), friend Barker ought to meet
with abundant success, for his liberality
in trying to increase the subscription to
the Indiana Farmer.      W. D. Ward.
The Farm and its Stock.
State News.
The small-pox is at Aurora.
Logansport supports 65 saloons.
The 48th Indiana will hold a reunion at
South Bend on the 8th prox.
The Good Templars of LaPorte have an
enrollment of 115 members.
Robert Sloan, of New Albany, has fallen
heir to $150,000, left him by a relation in Scotland.
Fort Wayne is following in the footsteps of
Chicago, and has adopted, the Sunday afternoon lecture course.
The bonded debt of Fort Wayne, January
1, 1876, was $637,300, and the floating debt
$96,903.50, making a total of $734,203.56.
Dr. S. L. Baxter, a well-known practicing
physician of Perrysville, dropped dead Tuesday, at the bedside of a petient whom he was
attending.
Ed. Mathews was horribly cut about the
head and neck, at the Wallace House, Rochester, Friday night, bv Sam. Ream. Both are
from Peru.
A young man named Dan. King, living
near Centreville, was found dead in the woods
on Saturday evening, evidently having accidentally shot himself.
George Barnett, of Richmond, has a Centennial relic, in the shape tif an ancestor's
marriage license, issued by the Philadelphia
Society of Friends, 1769.
John Madigan, an Irishman, Well advanced
in years, a resident of Wabash, was run over
by the cars at Clymers, Wednesday morning,
and had both legs crushed.
Thieves went through the rooms of the
Murdock Hotel, Logansport, on Thursday
night of the 13th, and secured about $400 in
money, jewelry and clothes.
The clergyman of this State are requested
to preach a sermon, on the fourth Sunday in
this month, containing a history of their
organizations in the interests of the Centennial.
There was considerable excitement at Anderson, ou Saturday, on account of a case of
body snatching, it being discovered that the
body of Mrs. Ab. Brothers, (buried two weeks
ago), had been resurrected.
On Saturday night, about dark, a drunken
mob attacked, and took possession of a saloon
kept by Waymond Ross, at Sanborn, Ind., and
in twenty minutes destroyed about four hundred dollars wortli of whisky and other property. (•
.„_W. H. Mellis, an old andprominerit citizen,
Panhandle road." "He was standing on" the
platform of the caboose, and when tbe train
started, he either fell, or threw himself under
the wheels. He lost his wife last summer, and
has been in unsound mind since.
New.Harmonycorrespondence to the Evans-
ville Journal says: The citizens of Rob!)
township have a live panther loose among
them, according to report. It is said
to have followed two women some distance, in
a threatening manner, but they were fortunately near home and escaped.
Isaac L. Wilson, of Columbus, Ohio, after a
week's hard drinking, at Champaign, Illinois,
cut his throat, making two gashes from ear to
ear, opening the windpipe and esophagus. He
then jumped out of an upper window. He is
dying. His parents and wife live at Martins-
burg, West Virginia.
An indictment, containing ten counts, having been found against D. \V. Mnnn, formerly
Internal Revenue Supervisor of the Chicago
district, by the Grand Jury at Milwaukee, that
gentleman was arrested at Chicago on Friday
last and taken to Milwaukee to give bail.
Extensive preparations are being made for
the^Mardi Gras Carnival at Memphis, Tenn.
It is asserted that Monsieur Nown, the famous
coslumer of Paris, will again furnish the
costumes and pageantry, and that it will surpass anything ever witnessed on-this continent.
The boiler in the mill of the Ypsilanti Paper
Company exploded on the 13th, instantly
billing Charles Mack, fireman of the mill, anil
Charles Otto, a wood drawer. A man named
Farmer was found buried under the ruins,
badly bruised, but he will recover. Damage
to building, about $20,000.
One huhdred ounces of gold and a lot of ore
from the famous Centennial Mine, were recently sent to the United States Mint, at
Denver, and returns have just been made.
Tbe gold assays 903 fine in gold, and 80 in
silver. The quartz assays $46,780 34 per ton
in gold, and $271 49 pe» ton in silver, being a
total of $47,051 83 per ton of 2,000 pounds.
Egypt's contributions to the Centennial Exposition have, arrived at New York. Nearly
the whole of the Egyptian exhibits arc the
property of the Khedive. There are many
curious and costly articles, such as weapons
and ornaments from the barbarous tribes inhabiting the remote regions of Central Africa,
jewels, inlaid work in ivory, precious metals,
rich embroideries in gold and silver thread,
produced by Arabian artisans of Cairs, and
other articles taken from the National Museum,
while the best specimens of agricultural products are from the.estates of the Khedive.
GREENBACKS VS. NATIONAL
, BANK NOTES.
Editors Indiana Farmer:—Is it not
pleasant to see a farm decorated with
choice stock? The beautiful hogs, sheep,
cattle and horses all wandering over the
farm makes it a pleasant sight to behold.
Young men let us be gentle and kind to
the creatures entrusted to our care on the
farm. How comfortable and happy they
seem to be when well fed, and sheltered
from the wintery blasts. Besides it is a
saving to have stock well cared for
through the winter season. The writer is
a young man. H. O.
 ■  ■  ■	
An International Temperance Convention is
called, by the National Society, to assemble at
Philadelphia, June 13th, to consider the relations of temperance reform, in its scientific
economy, intellectual, social, moral, and religions aspects, to individual and national life,
its progress and needs, and to invite to their
deliberations representatives of the cause of
temperance from foreign countries.
General News.
The revolution in Sonora threatens to be of
large proportions.
A very severe shock of earthquake was felt
Saturday night, near Bangor, Maine,
mitted in self-defense, as her husband was approaching her to cut her throat with a razor.
A mob took four negroes from tbe jail at
Friars Point, Mississippi, and shot them last
week.
G. T. Beauregard, the rebel general, has
petitioned • to Congress to remove his disabilities, so he can hold office.
The wife of ex-President Johnson died on
the 15th, at her daughter's, Mrs. Judge Patterson's, near Greenville, Tenn.
The movements of the Indians threaten
trouble on the frontier again, but they are
closely watched by government troops.
The representatives of the leading railroads
have called a meeting at Louisville, February
9th, to decide upon passenger rates to the Centennial.
Manuscripts sent to newspapers must be prepaid at the rate of letter postage. It is only
when sent to book publishers that they will
go for book postage.
Morgan and DeKalb counties, in this state,
have the same number of school children and
receive the same apportionment of the school
fund.   A singular coincidence!
Edward Richardson, a prominent citizen of
Massillon, Ohio, member of the City Council,
was shot and instantly killed, on Monday, by
his wife. She states that the act was corn-
Frauds in the treasury department, in connection with cotton claims, amounting to
$60,000 are said to have been discovered. The
delinquent officer is Sawyer, an ex-assistant
treasurer, and will be indicted.
The skeleton of a man supposed to be that
of an old Indian, was exhumed, a few days
since, on the farm of Jesse Winters, near
Darlington, Montgomery county, which is
supposed to have been buried for more than a
century.
Daring the warm weather of last week, a
door-yard at Lawrenceburg presented the singular spectacle of a flower-bed in full bloom.
The "johnny-jump-ups" bad pushed their
way up through their covering of straw, and
bloomed as fearlessly as if it were May, instead of January.
A Richmond man bought some clothes so
as to be in readiness for the funeral of his
mother, who was supposed to be dying; but
she recovered, and he returned the apparel,
claiming that the purchase was conditional.
The merchant refused to take back the goods,
and has been sued for the money paid for
them.
Andrew Bechtel, who was supposed to have
been drowned about a week ago, was found
dead in the woods, a short distance from Shcl-
byville, Sunday afternoon. Verdict, death
from intemperance and exposure.
In New Orleans on Saturday, a Mrs. N.
Callier, aged seventy-five, was burned to death.
Her clothing caught fire from a grate. A
child four years old was burned to death, its
clothing having been fired by a playmate.
At Decatur, Illinois, Saturday, a company
which has been boring tor coal found a vein of
fine coal at a depth of six hundred feet, and a
vein of brine, containing a large per cent, of
salt, just above.   Mining will begin at once.
Thomas Kellbury, night switchman in the
Ohio and Mississippi railroad yards, East St.
Louis, was run over by an engine and two
freight cars, at an early hour Friday, and cut
nearly to pieces. He was killed instantly. He
was from Chicago, where he has a wife."
in'givriigrni^rews' 0lio£.ttj ajL^jfornia,
tion, pays his respects to the circumlocution policy of sandwiching national bank
notes into our system of finance, in the
following trenchent and handsome style:
Now in political economy, as much as
in mechanics, all unnecessary machinery
is a loss of effective power. Friction is to
be avoided as much in one case as in the
other. Examine the practical working of
our banking system, and sec if there be
not some unnecessary machinery and
waste of power.
The government could only have two
objects in issuing greenbacks; first, to obtain a loan without interest; second, to
furnish a form of credit which should circulate as money.
A national bank is organized; it do-
posits $100,000 in. United States bonds,
and $5,000 in greenbacks in the United
States Treasury, and receives $90,000 in
bank notes signed by the United States
Treasurer, upon which it agrees to pay
the United States one per cent, per
annum. In plan English, what is this
but the bank borrowing the credit of the
government for one per cent, per annum
and leaving security, with a fair margin
upon which security the government pays
the bank five or six per cent.; that is, the
bank pays the government upon one form
of its credit one per cent., and the government pays the bank upon another
form of its credit five or six per cent, in
the same transaction—and that not for
one year, but while tho bank charter
continues.
Now, if the first object—a loan without
interest—controls the government in issuing the greenback, that is defeated bv
this operation to the extent of all bank
circulation.
If the second, it is unnecessary, for the
bank note never can be better than the
greenback in which it is payable.
You will observe I am speaking of the
condition of things which exists, and not
what would be if the greenback were
eliminated.
Now, suppose for any cause the bank
goes into liquidation. The government
sells the securities, and, after redeeming
the bills of the bank in government bilk
(for which as yet there is no plan of redemption), pays over the residue to the
stockholders. All this circumlocution
from the first establishment of the bank
to its liquidation to get back to tbe United
States note, which could have just as
well been issued directly in the first instance.
If it be necessary, by all means let'us
put_ fifth wheels on our coaches, devise
engines to run engines, invent a grato to
warm the fire, and grease water that it
may run down hill.
It is constantly said that the government ought not to engage in the business of banking. It is is engaged in tli<"
"business of banking," and undertakes
to administer upon the assets of banks
in a manner which' is unprofitable and
unnecessary.
The issuance of bills of credit to circulate as money is not a function of banking, but of government, nwd no bank or '
individual   is   permitted   to   exercise it.
under any wise policy except by tbe consent and delegation of the government.